Traditions and Encounters
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Chapter 30
1. The ideas of the Enlightenment challenged the long-term assumptions about sovereignty and instead proposed that
A) true government stems from religious authority.
B) the best form of government is a democracy.
C) governments are bound to the will of the people.
D) all government is inherently unjust. Humans are better off living in a state of nature.
E) church and state should be entirely separate.
2 Which of the following could be considered an expression of enlightened ideas about government?
A) the Stamp Act of 1708.
B) the Quartering Act.
C) the Declaration
of
D) the Committee of Public Safety.
E) the Congress
of
5 Which of the following was not one of the causes of the French Revolution of 1789?
A) a staggering national debt.
B) accusation of treason against Louis XVI.
C) resentment at the privileges of the aristocracy.
D) the
extravagance of Marie Antoinette and the court at
E) the opportunity presented by the summoning of the EstatesGeneral.
8. Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power as
A) a liberal noble who supported the Third Estate.
B) a military hero.
C) an opponent of Robespierre.
D) a supporter of Marie Antoinette.
E) none of the above.
10 Which of the following is not an explanation of why the Haitian Revolution succeeded?
A) Eight hundred gens de couleur were veterans of the American revolution.
B) The large maroon population supported the revolution.
C) Toussaint Louverture was an effective strategist.
D) The revolutionaries had the support of British and Spanish forces.
E) The French army was struck down with yellow fever.
11 In leading the revolutions of
A) that Spanish colonial rule be replaced with an indigenous monarchy.
B) that ethnic nationalism be the basis of the new states.
C) the popular sovereignty.
D) the abolition of slavery and full male suffrage.
E) all of the above.
12 Revolutions in
A) masters and slaves.
B) peninsulares and crioles.
C) European and indigenous peoples.
D) Europeans and mestizos.
E) colonial militias and European mercenaries.
13 Which Latin American state gained independence as a monarchy?
A) Brazil.
B) Haiti.
C) Mexico.
D)
E)
15 A political liberal in the nineteenth century would be likely to advocate
A) returning freed
slaves to
B) the confiscation of church property by the state.
C) universal suffrage for all men and women, regardless of race.
D) written constitutions and representative government.
E) all of the above.
16 The first European power to abolish the slave trade was
A) Britain.
B) France.
C) Portugal.
D)
E) the
19 Which of the following would not be an example of cultural nationalism?
A) the study of language.
B) the study of history.
C) collecting folk songs and fairy tales.
D) anti-Semitism.
E) All are examples of cultural nationalism.
Chapter 31
1. Which of the following was not an economic advantage
enjoyed by
A) abundant and accessible coal deposits.
B) local sources of raw cotton.
C) abundant skilled and unskilled labor.
D) access to water transportation.
E) sources of capital for investment.
2 Cotton cloth was valued by European consumers in the eighteenth century because
A) it was rare and considered a luxury.
B) it was comfortable and convenient.
C) it was a British product and so considered patriotic.
D) it lasted longer than wool.
E) all of the above.
3 Improvements in transportation, such as the railroads and steamships,
A) lowered transportation costs.
B) linked industrial centers with overseas resources.
C) integrated new
states such as
D) facilitated delivery of manufactured products to consumers.
E) all of the above.
5. From the perspective of the worker, the factory system meant
A) better working conditions than piecework done at home.
B) better pay for skilled work.
C) greater opportunities for advancement within a free market system.
D) harsh discipline and close supervision.
E) an opportunity to families to work together.
6. From the perspective of the consumer, the factory system meant
A) cheaper manufactured goods.
B) higher quality manufactured goods.
C) fewer choices in manufactured goods.
D) manufactured goods priced beyond the means of many consumers.
E) acute shortages of many manufactured items.
7 Rural laborers new to the factory had difficulty adjusting to
A) the relative freedom of the factory system.
B) the segregation of men and women in the workplace.
C) the absence of children in the workplace.
D) the rigid timetables of industrial work.
E) all of the above.
9. The British maintained their head start in industrialization by
A) sabotaging the efforts of their competitors.
B) forbidding the export of machinery and expertise.
C) constant innovation and renovation.
D) significant government support of industry.
E) all of the above.
13. The population of the industrial world grew dramatically in the nineteenth century, in part because
A) improved transportation networks resulted in cheaper food.
B) families did not yet know how to limit the number of births.
C) new urban centers were healthier environments than rural villages were.
D) aggressive public health programs eradicated childhood diseases.
E) all of the above
14. By 1900, birthrates had sharply declined in most industrialized countries because
A) raising children was more expensive in an industrial society than in an agricultural one.
B) declining infant mortality meant that more of the children born were likely to survive.
C) improved health and nutrition reduced overall death rates.
D) married couples actively practiced birth control.
E) all of the above.
16. Middle-class family life in the new industrial society was characterized by
A) substantial social and political gains by women.
B) equal participation of men and women in the industrial economy.
C) gendered division of labor and space.
D) children leaving school to work in the mills at an early age.
E) all of the above.