Across
- This sect of Judaism was persecuted before becoming Rome's official religion in 392 A.D.
- This city between the Black and Aegean Seas became the capital of the empire when Constantine renamed it Constantinople.
- Emperor who moved the Roman capital to Byzatium and made the practice of Christianity legal within the empire.
- This economic problem, the rapid rise of prices (or a rapid decrease in the value of money), was an important economic cause of the decline and fall of the Roman Empire.
- Basic Roman military unit consisting of about 5000 soldiers.
- River Julius Caesar crossed in defiance of an order by the Senate; today it means a no-exit decision.
- "Football" island off the toe of Italy.
- I was the last of the Good Emperors at the end of the Pax Romana, an example of Plato's "philosopher king," and believed in Stoicism.
- Called the "Scourge of God" by the Romans this Hun invader created a short-lived empire in Europe.
- Born in 4 B.C., I was a Jewish prophet who tried to get people to obey Mosaic law.
- We were the wealthy, upper class, Romans during the Republic.
- Greek word adopted into Hebrew to describe the spread of the Jews around the Mediterranean and into Europe that occurred as Roman persecution of the jews increased.
- This culture combined with Greek and Roman to create Greco-Roman civilization.
- As a theologian, I wrote The City of God to clarify Roman Church doctrines and about Roman history from a Christian perspective.
- He complied a medical encyclopedia that remained a standard textbook for 1000 years.
- To some conquered peoples, the Romans gave this prized status.
- Emperor who made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire and divided it permanently in two parts.
- Torturous method of execution used by Romans especially for crimes against the Roman government or religion.
- I created the first paid army in Rome; my soldiers were more loyal to me than the Republic.
- These early Christians were executed for their faith by the Romans; in fact Christianity can be described as being built with their blood.
- Stories of the life and teachings of Jesus Christ in the Gospels and Paul's letters to the early Christian communities
- Virgil wrote this book about a hero from the battle of Troy who founded Rome; it was designed to inspire patriotism during the reign of Augustus and connect Rome to the glory of ancient Greece.
- Pictures made from chips of stone or colored glass.
- The eruption of this mountain buried the city of Pompeii in A.D. 79, preserving it under ash until the 1800s.
- Jesus was a believer in this Semitic faith which practiced ethical monotheism
- The Gracchus brothers were ______ who tried to solve problems for the poor in the Roman republic but were murdered in riots.
- Egyptian city built by Alexander the Great that was an important trading and knoweldge center during the Roman Empire.
- This name means "Anointed One"; I taught that all people were equal before god and revived obediance to Mosaic law.
- I became dictator for life after conquering the Celts in Gaul and winning territories in Egypt.
- Island nation that is the site of Hadrian's Wall and the northernmost extent of the Roman Empire.
- Lover of Julius Caesar, Queen of Egypt, and 2nd wife of Antony, I committed suicide when I learned of Antony's defeat and death at Actium.
- Roman term for the Mediterranean Sea after about 130 B.C. It means "our sea."
- I was the Good Emperor who told Pliny the Younger not to worry about hunting down Christians, to accept their repentance, and to not believe unsupported accusations against them.
- Ruling group of three people; there were 2 of these as the Republic was becoming an empire.
- This period of peace started with Augustus Caesar and ended with Marcus Aurelius.
- Hadrian was the Good Emperor who built a walls and forts in Britain and this temple to the Roman gods in Rome.
- This political body governed Rome during the Republic.
- With this document, Constantine legalized Christianity in the Roman empire and ensured its growth and survival as the western empire fell.
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Down
- This church became the dominant political, social and economic (as well as religious) force in Europe after the Fall of the Roman Empire.
- Hellenistic scientist who proposed (erroneously) that the Earth was the center of the universe.
- Greek philosophy of acceptance of one's fate and belief in divine order embraced by many Romans and incorporated into the Christian religion
- I led an army of soldiers and war elephants across the Alps to attack Rome and was almost victorious.
- Name for the patriarch of Rome, the head of the Roman Catholic Church.
- The Visigoths defeated the Roman army at this battle site in 378 AD; this event marked the first significant loss suffered by the Romans since Hannibal's invasion of Italy in 212 BCE and is an important marker in tracing the decline and fall of the Roman Empire
- Germanic soldier who prevented Augustus romulous from claiming the title of Roman Emperor in A.D. 476.
- Early civilization of Italy with the engineering skills to drain marshes and make tile roofs.
- This group of followers helped to spread the teachings of Jesus around the northern Mediterranean and into Italy.
- We were the lower class of Roman citizens who were neither wealthy nor noble. (make sure you spell it right)
- Governmental system of early Rome; many Senators feared it would return under Julius Caesar.
- Adjective describing the family empire that governed Egypt from Alexander the Great's death until it was conquered by Rome after the death of Cleopatra
- Traveling and writing letters to groups around Asia Minor, I helped spread Christianity.
- Roman engineering feat used to transport water to the cities.
- Word describing the Roman policy of conquest throughout the Mediterranean.
- Middle period of Roman history, time of virtue and growing power in Mediterranean Sea; also, form of government where the people elect representatives to make laws.
- I divided the empire in two and ruled the Eastern half while Maximian governed the West.
- Romans envied this people and culture and adopted elements of their religion and philosophy.
- These books of the Bible were written by Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.
- Written laws in the Republic period that protected ordinary people.
- This arena held 50,000, and was the site of lions eating Christians and gladiatorial fights.
- The Senate gave me this name and I created a postal service and civil service based on ability, not nobility, to govern the new Empire efficiently.
- Octavian, Tiberius, Claudius, Caligula, and Nero were related to Julius Caesar and are called this.
- These were the lifelines of the Roman empire - 250,000 miles of them.
- River upon which the city of Rome is built.
- These areas became a source of wealth and cheap food for Rome, but also of corruption.
- Sacrament of coming together to share a meal; along with Baptism, the first sacrament of Christianity.
- Area of Europe brought under Roman control by Julius Caesar after 9 years of war.
- This modern document incorporates numerous Roman political ideas.
- I was "-- the Proud" and my Etruscan family ruled Rome until we were thrown out in 509 B.C.
- Wealthy Romans owned these huge estates in the provinces worked by slave labor.
- Our religion was initially tolerated by the Romans, but then our temple in Jerusalem was destroyed and we scattered throughout the Mediterranean in the Diaspora.
- Our city was defeated by Rome in the three Punic Wars for control of the Mediterranean Sea.
- Early people on the Italian peninsula; gave their name to the Roman language
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