Britain Supreme

I. France vs. Britain

  A. France and Britain 700-800 years of hatred – 100 year war.

      - France was more powerful and united

      - 1600: Britain begins to Unite

      - Louisiana territory was handed back and forth between France and Spain.

 - French start late on colonizing along with Britain

      - Friendly to Indians

      - mainly wanted beaver skins

      - Indians in Canada want French to help attack New England Indians

-         Jesuits – French/Spanish priests

 

II. French and Indian War 1754-1763

-         1st war to start in America and go to Europe.

-          War for territory beyond Appalachians near Ohio -.

-         1754 George Washington stakes claim along Ohio R.

-         Runs into French, gets crap kicked out of him – retreats with no land.

-         Starts French and Indian war.

-         French give Indians weapons to reclaim their lands.

-         To kill – settlers

-         British dispatch General Braddock to stop the war with French/Indians.

-         Rough terrain to march through, British have no clue where they’re at. 

-         Braddock’s armies were surrounded by Indians they were massacred.

 

 

A.     Albany Congress

-         Attempt by Ben Franklin to unite a bunch of people to along to come up with a plan to unite against Britain.

-         Doesn’t work, not enough unity

-         Comes up with united we stand divided we fall cartoon.

 

William Pitt (wolf) – Pittsburgh

-         captured Quebec on 1760

 Treaty of Paris in 1763

-         total defeat for France

-         No Canada

-         No India

 

III. American in 1763

 -a split occurs between British and Americas during French/Indian war

British tax Americans to help fight war

-         don’t want to pay taxes

Americans flood over the Appalachians

-         Indians lead by Pontiac try to stop Americans from crossing but failed.

 

British issue a law called Proclamation of 1763

-         It States: don’t cross the Appalachians ever again.

-         Makes Americans very angry, setting up the Revolution.

 

The #@$% Hits the Fan…literally

I. Economic Factors

       -Mercantilism

            - Colonies to make Mother country rich

            - no religious freedom

            - no wealth for themselves

-American didn’t ah veto worry about army/navy

             -part of British Empire

 

-Navigation Acts

  - attempt to regulate colonial trade

  - Britain gets their share

-Salutary neglect (1763)

  - Americans get used to not paying taxes

- Greenville

  -tries to lighten the American colonies

  - Bad guy

  - a little crazy

   - ends salutary neglect

 

II. Attack of the acts.

 1764 – Sugar Act

                        - put tax on all sugar coming out of W. Indies

                         - first attempt to tax

                         - didn’t really work

1765 Quarterly Act

                        Americans must open homes to soldiers

                        British attempt to reduce cost of keeping troops in America

                        Forbidden in the Bill of Rights

1765- Stamp Act

                        Placed on anything that involves paper

                        Affects the rich

Samuel Adams

                        Sons of Liberty

1766- Stamp Act was repealed

1766- Declaratory Act

                        Does nothing but say that British Parliament had the right to tax

1767- Townsend Act

                        Taxes many anonymous items

 

III Trouble in Bean Town

            March 5, 1770

                        Colonies throw snow balls and burning sticks

                        Chispus Attics grabs gun from Brit. Causing British to open fire

                        BOSTON MASSACRE

                        Major propaganda

            Committees of correspondence

                        Spies, mainly women: report British troop movement

                        Colonists hated the British troops who were there for controlling

   colonies

            Boston Tea Party: December 16, 1773

                        Partially against taxes

                        Mostly against the monopolization of tea trade

                        Sam Adams

                        Dress like Indians and throw tea into Boston Harbor

            British are pissed

            Post Intolerable Act 1774

                        Closes Boston Harbor

                        Declares Marshal Law

                        Mass. Charter is abolished

            First Continental Congress

                        To resist the Intolerable Acts

                        An embargo against Britain

                        Calls for the Foundation of Colonial Militia

 

IV The War begins

            Minute men= militia men

            April 1775- commander receives country report

                        States where British guns are kept

                        Go to Lexington to retrieve guns

Sam Adams rounds up Militia men to resist against British troops in   

   Lexington

The “shot heard around the world” was fired

British open fire killing eight

Americans run

On British track back home to Boston they notice that there are militia

    men hiding on trees w/ guns

British almost didn’t make it back

 

Forging the Union

 

I Confederation

            1781- Post Yorktown- war is basically over

            No real laws over all of the colonies

            Articles of Confederation

                        First attempt at national law

                        Incredibly weak form of government

                        Only created a congress

            Deadly flaws

                        No gov’t authority over state militaries

                        No ability to tax

            1783- Newburgh Conspiracy

                        Soldiers who weren’t paid decided to utilize the army to force congress

                           to pay

                        George Washington stops conspiracy

            1786- Shay’s Rebellion

                        Farmers who were promised land if they fight didn’t receive any land-

                            led by Daniel Shay

                        Rich people feared poor people

                        Causes constitutional congress to convene

            1787- Northwest Ordinance

                        Law that was made for the creation of New States

                        Says that slavery wasn’t good

                        Religious tolerance

 

II. Constitutional Convention

            Summer of 1787- a group of “demigods” write new law

            James Madison is “Father” of Constitution

            Ben Franklin was a guiding genius

            Federal vs. State

                        Constitution gives state authority over everything not given to Federal

            How are the states represented in Congress

                        The Great Compromise

                                    Creates two houses- Senate and House of Reps

                        The 3/5 compromise

                                    Every 5 blacks count for 3 whites

 

III Federal System

            Separation of Powers (checks and balances)

Executive

Judicial

Legislative

President

Supreme court

Congress

Governor

Federal court

State assembly

Mayor

County

City council

            1st ten amendments are the Bill of Rights